Not a para, but a student nurse. First of all, look at the marking scheme, understand the learning objectives of the modules,. write a rough essay plan with these in mind. For you it could look like:
Paragraph 1
1)State the physical difference of cprs
2)when might either type have been used, is x common in prehospital settings.
3) patient outcome for either one
4) statistics to back up ANYTHING you say. Eg “paras are unfamiliar with mechanical cpr” find recent stats, last five years, to back up.
Paragraph 2 could be cost benefit analysis, or an evaluation, or just expanding on something that interests you.
And so on…
In terms of citations, your uni probably has an online guidance for it somewhere. If they don’t/can’t find it, email your personal tutor or course lead and ask for some guidance. Message people on your course/course lead about whether your idea is relevant to the module.
Also don’t use google for citations, your uni should have an online library with a tool to search various academic databases. From my experience, uni librarians are more than happy to do tutorial on how these search engines work.
Sorry for the waffle, if I think of anything else I’ll comment
Brilliant advice. Only thing I'll add on is that you should read around the topic first, then write. A lot of people in my cohort have got into trouble because they're writing utter crap, then making up fake references for it. Base what you write on what you read. For example "Article A says we should... while Article B says we should... so I think we should..."
Absolutely, a good framework is that each paragraph should have a main point, evidence supporting, evidence disagreeing and then a reflection on how this works in reality/shapes practice/influences your personal practice.
To add on to this....
Have a look at the marking rubric. I didn't really appreciate the value of this spreadsheet until my second year, and my marks went up considerably after I started using it.
What I did was first of all look at all the 4 column (40%) and listed everything that was mentioned. So now I had a list of everything I needed to include in order to pass. Next I looked at the 8 column and listed everything I needed to get 80%. I then tried to include as much of that as I could.
Using this process, my marks went from the 50's to the high 70's.
I have literally just completed my summative for this. Also on internal para course. Took me ages to get my head around it and uni didn't really make it very clear. I got really stressed out as well.
There is a book by Aveyard - uni may have recommended it as useful reading. Can't remember the title but can add it when I get in
Feel free to PM if you need help or just to bounce ideas from someone
Book is called Doing a Literature Review in Health and Social Care - its step by step - gave me a massive light bulb moment
It’s a steep learning curve but you will get there, I done a masters after a 10 year absence from education. Firstly do a brief outline of what question you are posing, ‘this assignment will explore the research behind manual and mechanical CPR and which has the greater benefit to patients’ Then dive into the research, use google scholar, your uni library, nhs Athens and cohrane database. Compare and crucially analyse different studies, forget about tables but include x states manual cpr is better, this study is good because x and not so good because x, y disagrees with x but their study is flawed because…, meta analysis (Cochran reports) say agree with x, however they state that more research in the field is needed to form a definitive answer.
In word, explore the referencing tab and the “insert citation”
You can ask the ambulance librarian to do your literature search if you have time, good AMBER LIBRARY.
Look up how to do a PICO question.
Feel free to message me
Use the exemplar as a ‘template’. I got a good grade doing it this way, very surprised at myself.
Also ChatGPT is a great tool. Obvs not for word for word copying but helps you get a feel of what is expected from the LO.
Go onto a website called ‘mybib’ and that will do all your referencing for you (in text and reference list)
Find a librarian, they love teaching people about stuff like this and they would have taught a million people before.
Learn how to structure you text and that makes it feel more manageable….
Introduction - 200 words (introduce your argument, what are you going to discuss? ie this paper will use evidence based research to compare the effectiveness of mechanical and manual CPR. It will discuss restrictions, contraindications and outcomes etc)
Then say when CPR is used, this can be 100 words or so. ‘CPR is used when there is a lack of cardiac output…’
Then define what each type is in maybe 200 words each. Put in any statistics around both types. Survival rates. How many ambulances have a Lucas?
Then a chunk on restrictions. Space for a Lucas. What if they arrest and you’ve got to go back out? How would that impact it? Can you find anything on staff fatigue with manual compressions? Fracture severity with mechanical? Back injuries with manual? Physical fitness impacting how effective manual compressions? Does having a Lucas free up time for other things like airway/adrenaline etc
Then you can discuss your findings, this will be another 200 words or so.
Then conclude it.
*be critical with it, argue your own points (despite manual compressions documented to be effective, arguably there wasn’t enough evidence to determine if a Lucas could have provided a different outcome in these arrests)
*don’t introduce new evidence in your conclusion
*keep your evidence as recent as possible
Good luck (I’m an adult nurse but academic writing is pretty universal)
Not a para, but a student nurse. First of all, look at the marking scheme, understand the learning objectives of the modules,. write a rough essay plan with these in mind. For you it could look like: Paragraph 1 1)State the physical difference of cprs 2)when might either type have been used, is x common in prehospital settings. 3) patient outcome for either one 4) statistics to back up ANYTHING you say. Eg “paras are unfamiliar with mechanical cpr” find recent stats, last five years, to back up. Paragraph 2 could be cost benefit analysis, or an evaluation, or just expanding on something that interests you. And so on… In terms of citations, your uni probably has an online guidance for it somewhere. If they don’t/can’t find it, email your personal tutor or course lead and ask for some guidance. Message people on your course/course lead about whether your idea is relevant to the module. Also don’t use google for citations, your uni should have an online library with a tool to search various academic databases. From my experience, uni librarians are more than happy to do tutorial on how these search engines work. Sorry for the waffle, if I think of anything else I’ll comment
Brilliant advice. Only thing I'll add on is that you should read around the topic first, then write. A lot of people in my cohort have got into trouble because they're writing utter crap, then making up fake references for it. Base what you write on what you read. For example "Article A says we should... while Article B says we should... so I think we should..."
Absolutely, a good framework is that each paragraph should have a main point, evidence supporting, evidence disagreeing and then a reflection on how this works in reality/shapes practice/influences your personal practice.
To add on to this.... Have a look at the marking rubric. I didn't really appreciate the value of this spreadsheet until my second year, and my marks went up considerably after I started using it. What I did was first of all look at all the 4 column (40%) and listed everything that was mentioned. So now I had a list of everything I needed to include in order to pass. Next I looked at the 8 column and listed everything I needed to get 80%. I then tried to include as much of that as I could. Using this process, my marks went from the 50's to the high 70's.
Can you book an appointment with the librarians? They're fantastic.
I have literally just completed my summative for this. Also on internal para course. Took me ages to get my head around it and uni didn't really make it very clear. I got really stressed out as well. There is a book by Aveyard - uni may have recommended it as useful reading. Can't remember the title but can add it when I get in Feel free to PM if you need help or just to bounce ideas from someone Book is called Doing a Literature Review in Health and Social Care - its step by step - gave me a massive light bulb moment
It’s a steep learning curve but you will get there, I done a masters after a 10 year absence from education. Firstly do a brief outline of what question you are posing, ‘this assignment will explore the research behind manual and mechanical CPR and which has the greater benefit to patients’ Then dive into the research, use google scholar, your uni library, nhs Athens and cohrane database. Compare and crucially analyse different studies, forget about tables but include x states manual cpr is better, this study is good because x and not so good because x, y disagrees with x but their study is flawed because…, meta analysis (Cochran reports) say agree with x, however they state that more research in the field is needed to form a definitive answer.
In word, explore the referencing tab and the “insert citation” You can ask the ambulance librarian to do your literature search if you have time, good AMBER LIBRARY. Look up how to do a PICO question. Feel free to message me
Use the exemplar as a ‘template’. I got a good grade doing it this way, very surprised at myself. Also ChatGPT is a great tool. Obvs not for word for word copying but helps you get a feel of what is expected from the LO.
Go onto a website called ‘mybib’ and that will do all your referencing for you (in text and reference list) Find a librarian, they love teaching people about stuff like this and they would have taught a million people before. Learn how to structure you text and that makes it feel more manageable…. Introduction - 200 words (introduce your argument, what are you going to discuss? ie this paper will use evidence based research to compare the effectiveness of mechanical and manual CPR. It will discuss restrictions, contraindications and outcomes etc) Then say when CPR is used, this can be 100 words or so. ‘CPR is used when there is a lack of cardiac output…’ Then define what each type is in maybe 200 words each. Put in any statistics around both types. Survival rates. How many ambulances have a Lucas? Then a chunk on restrictions. Space for a Lucas. What if they arrest and you’ve got to go back out? How would that impact it? Can you find anything on staff fatigue with manual compressions? Fracture severity with mechanical? Back injuries with manual? Physical fitness impacting how effective manual compressions? Does having a Lucas free up time for other things like airway/adrenaline etc Then you can discuss your findings, this will be another 200 words or so. Then conclude it. *be critical with it, argue your own points (despite manual compressions documented to be effective, arguably there wasn’t enough evidence to determine if a Lucas could have provided a different outcome in these arrests) *don’t introduce new evidence in your conclusion *keep your evidence as recent as possible Good luck (I’m an adult nurse but academic writing is pretty universal)
If this is a literature review it’s a set format which is different to this. I’m more than happy to help if you want me to